The area was an important center in the life
of the Hungarian tribes during the Hungarian Conquest.
The Ópusztaszer Memorial Park of National History
holds relics of these historical times. The appearance of an
independent settlement here started around 1770, the first and
important waves of colonization ended in 1776. Due to its central
location and its importance in transportation - the road leading
to Buda used to go across the town - the town
became the center of the region surrounding it. It gained the
status large village in 1970 and became a large village with
town rights in 1984. It gained full town status on the 1st of
March 1989. For the settlements surrounding the town (Baks,
Balástya, Csengele, Ópusztaszer, Pusztaszer) it became
the center for education, health care, trade and transportation
by now.
The area of today's Csengele was an uninhabited
grassland for centuries, it served as a pasture of the city
of Szeged. Colonization started in the second
half of the 19th century. The first serious concepts of creating
a settlement here came in the 1930s. The area surrounding the
railway station and the place known as the Kovágó-turning
were considered as possible locations for this new village.
On the 1st of January 1950 Csengele became an independent village.
The village was governed by a delegated body at the beginning
which changed to a local council later. Since 1990 the village
has its own local government. In the 1960s, the "golden
age" of the village, population was 3600. There were five
co-operative farms in the village at this time. The population
has been decreasing continuously since then, nowadays it is
just over 2000 people.
The history of Pusztaszer...
The history of Pusztaszer goes back to the
times of the Hungarian Conquest. Chieftain
Árpád and his valiant warriors rested beside lake
Körtvély and the Gyümölcsény forest
after the victorious battle of Alpár. According
to the records of an anonymous historian of King Béla
they stayed here for 34 days and considered the problems of
the country. The ancient Hungarians called this place Szeri
after the Hungarian expression used in the records for "consider".
According to the documents lake Körtvély is today's lake Dóci,
and Gyümölcsény was located at the area of today's Pusztaszer.
Documents from the 15th., 16th and 17th century prove this.
Before the national assembly was finished at the puszta of "Szer"
the chieftains wanted to make a memorial of the Hungarian Conquest.
Each of the seven chieftains constructed a halom (hill). The
seven famous hills still stand here at the area of Pusztaszer
and Ópusztaszer. Their names are Árpádhalom,
Sáregyházimalom, Szárnyékhalom,
Vesszoshalom, Kártyáshalom,
Császárnéhalma and Lukashalom.
The area of Szer-Szerváros went through a lot of battles during
the coarse of history. It was destroyed by the Tartars,
the Turkish, it was burnt down several times,
but it was always brought back to life again. It is called Pusztaszer
since 1640. At the beginning of the 18th century the area of
the 25 acre settlement was split up into 4 parts (Upper-Pusztaszer
(today's Pusztaszer), Lower-Pusztaszer,
Pusztaszer-meadows).
The owner of the land changed several times. Chieftain
Ond, the Pósa family and Count
Pallavicini were amongst the more famous landlords.
The Count and his wife, Leopoldina Zichy, bought
the four parts of Pusztaszer for 50.000 Hungarian forints in
1803. The city of Kecskemét filed a lawsuit
against the transaction, and won the case. According to the
documents Kecskemét purchased the 8000 acre area for 93.062
forints in 1828. After this the Count gave the name Sövényháza
to his land, and Kecskemét became the administrative center
of the area. The relatively large distance (53 km) of the region
from Kecskemét created problems soon after the transaction.
The city wanted to get rid of this burden, so it took steps
towards the independence of Upper-Pusztaszer. They received
the permission from the Minister of Internal Affairs in 1872.
Four years passed, but nothing happened. A law in 1876 made
it impossible to create villages in the region, because there
were too few private estates. Inhabitants were only landholders,
not landowners
On the 10th of October, 1882. the city assembly declared, that
the administrative acts about the Pusztaszer area would be done
in the closest village, Kistelek. On the 25th
of October, 1900. the same body decided to start to distribute
the land to the users: between 1903 and 1934 5.223 acres of
land would be given to private hands.
As long as Kecskemét was in charge of the region they also developed
it. They built homes for puszta-judges and midwives. They founded
schools, built green-cross houses and designated areas for cemeteries.
Sövényháza became Ópusztaszer in 1973 along with its fascinating
beauties, the village museum, archeological sites and the Feszty-cyclorama.
Pusztaszer was left with the nice historical name only.
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